The social security system in Greece
The social security system in Greece is mainly managed by the National Organisation for the Provision of Health Services (EOPYY). This system, which includes public health coverage and certain social benefits, is financed by contributions from employers, workers and the State. Greek public health services offer extensive coverage, but many residents also choose to purchase private health insurance to benefit from faster access to care.
Who is covered?
- Greek residents: Anyone working or residing in Greece is automatically covered by the social security system. This includes employees, the self-employed and retirees.
- European expats: Thanks to the European agreements, EU citizens have access to healthcare in Greece under certain conditions, including the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). However, for full coverage, registration with Greek social security is required if the expat becomes a permanent resident.
- Foreign retirees: European retirees moving to Greece can transfer their rights to social security and health insurance from their home country via the S1 form. This form allows retirees to receive healthcare in Greece while being covered by their home country.
Contributions and health coverage
Social security contributions vary according to employment and status (employee, self-employed, retired). For employees, contributions are shared between the employer and the employee. For the self-employed, the contribution is made directly to the insurance funds.
Public health coverage in Greece includes:
- Medical consultations: Consultations with general practitioners or specialists affiliated to EOPYY are largely covered. However, for better comfort and reduced waiting times, it is possible to consult private doctors, for an additional fee.
- Hospitalization: Public hospitals offer services that are free or at very moderate prices. Emergency care is generally well managed, although the quality of the infrastructure can vary depending on the region.
- Medications: Prescription drugs are partially reimbursed, depending on the treatment and agreements in place. Patients typically pay between 10% and 25% of the total cost.
Retirement and social benefits
In addition to health coverage, Greek social security covers other important aspects, such as retirement benefits. The amount of pensions in Greece depends on contributions made throughout working life and the retirement age, which is set at 67, with the possibility of early retirement under certain conditions.
Expats who have worked in several European countries can apply for a pension through the EU Pension Coordination System. Each country then calculates the share of the pension corresponding to the years worked on its territory.
How to register for Greek social security?
Expats who wish to move to Greece and benefit from social services must register with EFKA (the main social security institution in Greece). Here are the main steps:
- Obtain a Greek Tax Identification Number (AFM): This number is essential for any administrative procedure in Greece.
- Register with EFKA: It is necessary to register to obtain a Greek Social Security Number (AMKA), which allows access to care and social benefits.
- Subscribe to health insurance: If you do not immediately have public coverage, private health insurance may be an option, especially to cover the transition period.
Advice for expatriates
- European Health Insurance Card (EHIC): Before leaving for Greece, apply for your EHIC in order to benefit from urgent care while waiting to regularize your situation.
- S1 form: If you are an EU pensioner, this form is essential to transfer your social security rights.
- Private health insurance: Even if the public system offers good coverage, taking out private insurance can be a good idea to access care faster and for non-European expatriates.
Conclusion
Social security in Greece offers comprehensive coverage for European residents and expats, with quality care and relatively easy access to medical services. However, for complete peace of mind, it is often recommended to supplement this coverage with private insurance, especially for newcomers or non-EU citizens. Moving to Greece, whether for retirement or for a new life adventure, becomes easier by mastering the aspects of social security.
